ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲
ߊ߬ ߦߋ߫ ߡߍ߲ ߘߏ߫ ߘߌ߫ | ߖߊ߯ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߍ߫ ߝߌߟߊߣߊ߲ ![]() |
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ߖߡߊ߬ߣߊ߫ | ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲ ![]() |
ߦߙߐ | ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲ ![]() |
ߘߎ߰ߡߊ߬ߛߓߍ ߛߌ߰ߝߏ߲ | ߅߄°߀′߀″N ߂°߀′߀″W ![]() |
ߕߎ߬ߡߊ߬ߘߊ | 1940 ![]() |
ߟߊߝߟߐ߫ ߕߎߡߊ | ߁߀ ߞߊ߬ߙߌ߬ߝߐ 1940 ![]() |
ߓߊ߲߫ ߕߎߡߊ | ߃߁ ߞߏ߲ߓߌߕߌ߮ 1940 ![]() |
ߕߘߍ߬ߒ߬ߘߐ߬ߓߊ߮ ߟߎ߬ | ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲, ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߣߊߖ߭ߌ, ߞߣߊߘߊ߫, Australia, ߌߕߊߟߌ߫ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ ![]() |
Target | ߊ߲߬ߜ߭ߌ߬ߟߋ߬ߘߎ߰, English Channel ![]() |
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ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ (German: die Luftschlacht um England, "ߌ߲ߜ߭ߑߟߊ߲ߘ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲")߸ ߕߘߍ߬ ߦߋ߫ ߖߊ߯ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߍ߫ ߝߌߟߊߣߊ߲ ߣߊ߲߬ߕߌ߰ ߓߙߊߡߊߖߊ߲ߓߊ߲ ߘߏ߫ ߟߋ߬ ߘߌ߫߸ ߡߍ߲ ߘߐ߫ ߣߌ߫ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߝߊ߲ߞߊ ߣߌ߫ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ ߓߊߡߐ߮ ߟߎ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߜߊ߲ߝߋ߲ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߞߟߍߡߎߙߊ߲ (FAA) ߠߎ߬ ߞߊ߬ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲ ߡߊߞߊ߲ߞߊ߲߫ ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߣߊߛߌ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߝߊ߲ߞߊ߸ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߝߌ߬ߙߌ߲߬ߕߊ߬ߥߏ߬ߟߌ߫ ߥߊ߲߬ߥߊ߲߬ߓߊ ߞߊ߲ߡߊ߬. ߊ߬ߟߋ ߟߋ߬ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߣߊ߲߬ߕߌ߰ ߓߙߊߡߊߖߊ߲ߓߊ߲߫ ߥߊ߲߬ߥߊ߲߬ߓߊ ߘߌ߫ ߡߍ߲ ߡߎ߰ߡߍ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߞߟߍ ߘߌ߫. ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߞߊ ߟߎ߬ ߞߊ߬ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߞߎ߲߬ߕߊ߮ ߡߊߟߐ߲߫ ߠߋ߬ ߞߴߊ߬ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߞߊ߬ߙߌ߬ߝߐ ߁߀ ߣߌ߫ ߞߏ߲ߓߌߕߌ߮ ߃߁ ߠߎ߬ ߟߋ߬ ߕߍ߫ ߁߉߄߀ ߠߊ߫߸ ߡߍ߲ ߘߐߛߎߡߊ߲ߣߍ߲߫ ߦߋ߫ ߥߛߎ߬ ߞߘߐ߫ ߛߎߘߐ߫ ߞߍߒߞߊ߲ߠߌ߲ ߥߊ߲߬ߥߊ߲߬ߓߊ ߟߎ߬ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߥߎ߬ߛߎ ߡߍ߲ ߞߘߐ߫ ߣߴߊ߬ ߡߊߟߐ߲ߣߍ߲߫ ߦߋ߫ ߓߙߊ߬ߒߘߐ ߘߌ߫߸ ߡߍ߲ ߞߎ߲߬ߝߊ߰ ߘߊ߫ ߕߎߟߊߝߌ߲ ߇ ߡߊ߬ ߁߉߄߀ ߠߊ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߥߴߊ߬ ߛߌ߰ ߘߓߊ߬ߕߊ ߁߁ ߡߊ߬ ߁߉߄߁ ߠߊ߫. ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߘߝߐ߬ߦߊ߬ߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߡߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߣߌ߲߬ ߕߟߊߟߌ ߟߊߓߊ߬ߕߏ߬߸ ߓߴߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߦߴߊ߬ ߝߐ߫ ߟߊ߫ ߟߋ߬ ߞߏ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲߫ ߞߋߟߋ߲߫ ߠߋ߬ ߘߎ߲ߡߊ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߁߉߄߀ ߥߊ߬ߛߌ߬ߥߙߊ ߣߌ߫ ߁߉߄߁ ߘߓߊ߬ߕߊ ߟߎ߬ ߕߍ߫߸ ߡߍ߲ ߖߊ߬ߕߋ߬ ߘߊ߫ ߓߑߟߌߕߖ߭ (ߓߙߊ߬ߒ߬ߘߐ߬ ߞߟߍ) ߘߌ߫[߁].
ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߝߊ߲ߞߊ ߟߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߟߊ߬ߢߌ߬ߣߌ߲߬ ߝߟߐ ߕߘߍ߬ ߦߋ߫ ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߞߘߊߡߊ ߟߋ߬ ߘߌ߫ ߘߌ߬ߢߍ ߡߊ߬ ߖߐ߮ ߓߍ߲߬ߓߍ߲ ߘߏ߫ ߕߍ߯ߝߐ ߡߊ߬. ߁߉߄߀ ߥߊ߬ߛߌ߬ߥߙߊ ߡߊ߬߸ ߛߊ߲ߡߊߝߋ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ߬ ߞߊ߲߬ ߛߌߟߊ߫ ߕߍ߮ ߘߊߡߌ߬ߣߊ߫ ߘߊ߫߸ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߞߍߟߌ ߟߊ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ߬ߘߊ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߕߊߞߎߟߎ߲߫ ߓߍߟߍ߲ ߕߐ߲߬ߕߐ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߡߊߓߏ߲ ߘߊߡߌ߬ߣߊ߬߸ ߦߏ߫ ߘߊ߲ߞߊ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߕߊߞߎߟߎ߲߫ ߠߊߢߎ߲ ߣߴߊ߬ ߟߊߖߌ߬ ߕߊ߲ߓߊ߲ ߠߎ߬߸ ߦߏ߫ ߔߐߙߕߑߡߐߝ. ߘߓߊ߬ߓߌߟߊ ߁߭ ߡߊ߬߸ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߦߴߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߓߍ߫ ߢߍߓߊ߯ߦߊ ߛߐ߬ߘߐ߲߬ ߠߊ߫ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߝߊ߲ߞߊ ߞߘߐ߫߸ ߡ.ߛ.ߝ ߞߟߍ߬ߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߛߋߞߏߒߕߊ߲ߧߊ ߞߏߛߐ߲߬; ߏ߬ ߞߐ߫ ߕߟߋ߬ ߁߂ ߟߊ߫߸ ߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߝߌ߬ߙߌ߲߬ߕߊ߬ߥߏ߬ߟߌ ߛߌ߰ ߢߐ߲߮ ߘߐ߫ ߡ.ߛ.ߝ ߛߊ߲ߡߊߞߎߟߎ߲߫ ߜߘߋ ߟߎ߬ ߣߴߊ߬ߟߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߖߎ߬ߓߌߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߞߊ߲߬. ߞߵߊ߬ ߕߘߍ߬ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߦߋ߫ ߖߊ߲߬ߝߊ ߞߊ߲߬߸ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߞߊ߬ ߝߊ߲ߓߏ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߛߋ߲߭ ߕߘߍ߬ ߊ߬ ߘߐ߫ ߊ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߛߊ߲ߡߊߞߎߟߎ߲߫ ߠߊߥߟߏ ߣߌ߫ ߞߟߍ߬ߦߊ ߖߎ߬ߓߌߟߊ ߟߎ߬. ߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߕߊ߬ߡߌ߲߬ ߘߴߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߛߍ߬ߓߍߘߏ߲߬ ߠߊ߫ ߓߊߓߐߒߡߊߟߌ ߘߐ߬ߝߏ߬ߘߏ߲߬ߠߌ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߓߘߍ߬ߓߘߍ߬ߟߌ߬ߟߊ ߟߎ߬ ߡߊߞߍ߫ ߦߙߐ ߣߌ߫ ߣߊ߲߬ߕߊ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߕߊ ߟߎ߬ ߞߊ߲߬.
ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߞߊ߬ ߝߊ߬ߙߊ߲߬ߛߌ߫ ߕߏ߬ߙߏ߲߬ߕߏ߬ߙߏ߲߬ ߞߊߟߌߦߊ߫ ߘߐ߫ ߊ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߘߎ߰ߟߊ߬ߘߐ߫ ߖߡߊߣߊ ߟߎ߬߸ ߛߊ߫ ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߘߌ߫ ߕߍ߯ߝߐ ߓߌ߬ߟߊ߫ ߛߋ߲߬ߠߊ߫ ߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߡߌ߬ߣߊ߬ ߞߏ ߡߊ߬ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ ߞߊ߲߬. ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߡߙߊ߬ߓߊ߰ ߛߊ߲ߘߐ ߟߎ߬ ߞߵߊ߬ߟߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߜߟߍ߬ߦߊ߬ ߛߐߘߐ߲ ߡߊߟߐ߲߫ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ߬ߞߊ߲߬ ߡߊ߬ߘߏ߬ߣߌ߲߬ߟߊ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߝߌ߬ߙߌ߲߬ߕߊ߬ߥߏ ߘߐ߫߸ ߞߵߊ߬ ߕߘߍ߬ ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ ߓߊߡߐ߮ ߟߎ߬ ߦߋ߫ ߊ߲߬ߜ߭ߌߟߋߘߎ߯ ߥߏ߬ߦߏ ߣߌ߫ ߞߐ߬ߘߎ߮ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ ߟߎ߬ ߡߙߊ߬ ߟߊ߫. ߤߌߕߑߟߍߙ ߞߊ߬ ߖߊ߬ߡߊߙߌ ߘߌ߫ ߞߊ߬ߊߌ߬ߝߐ ߁߆ ߡߊ߬ ߞߏ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ߫ ߖߊ߬ߘߊ ߘߐ߬ߓߛߏ߬ߟߌ (ߐߔߐߙߋߛߌߦߐ߲߫ ߛߌ ߟߊߦߐ߲߬) ߘߊߡߌ߬ߣߊ߬ ߖߌ߫ ߣߌ߫ ߜߙߋ ߣߌ߫ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߝߌߙߌ߲ߕߊߥߏߟߌ ߟߎ߬ ߟߊߥߟߌ߬ ߓߙߌߕߊ߲߫ ߞߊ߲ߡߊ߬߸ ߞߵߏ߬ ߣߐ߬ߝߍ߬ߜߍ߲߬ ߝߎߚߎ߫ ߝߏ߫ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߦߋ߫ ߛߊ߲ߡߟߊ ߛߋߓߊ߯ߦߊ ߛߐ߬ߘߐ߲߬ ߥߏ߬ߦߏ ߡߊ߬. ߕߎߟߊߝߌ߲ ߠߊ߫߸ ߡ.ߛ.ߝ ߘߐ߬ߝߏ߬ߘߏ߲߬ߠߊ ߟߎ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߛߎߘߐ߫ ߕߙߊߓߊߛߏߟߌ ߟߊߥߟߌ߬ ߞߊ߬ ߥߊ߫ ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߟߊ߫ ߕߊߞߎߟߎ߲߫ ߕߐ߲ߕߐ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߓߟߏߘߐߓߍ߲ ߠߎ߬ ߓߟߏߕߍ߰߸ ߏ߬ ߞߍ ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߗߌߙߏ߲߫ ߘߊ߫ ߡ.ߛ.ߝ ߟߎ߫ ߟߊ߫ ߟߊ߫ ߖߌߡߊ߬߸ ߏ߬ ߝߣߊ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߤߌߕߑߟߍߙ ߞߘߊߡߊ߫ ߞߐߛߊߦߟߌ ߟߊ߫ ߞߊ߬ ߞߐ߰ߖߌ߫ ߖߊ߬ߘߊ ߘߐ߬ߓߛߏ߬ߟߌ ߓߟߏߕߍ߰. ߟߎߝߕߑߥߊߝߋ߬ ߕߎ߲߬ ߕߴߛߋ߫ ߕߟߋ߬ߘߐ߬ߟߊ ߘߐ߬ߝߏ߬ߘߏ߲߬ߠߌ߲ ߡߊߣߐ߬ ߟߴߏ߬ ߕߎ߬ߡߊ ߟߊ߫߸ ߏ߬ ߞߍ ߊ߬ߟߎ߬ ߟߊ߫ ߛߐߘߐ߫ ߘߐߝߏߘߏ߲ߠߌ߲ ߘߐ߬ߓߛߏ߬ߟߌ ߞߍ߫ ߘߊ߫ ߓߙߊ߬ߒ߬ߘߐ߬ߕߊ ߟߋ߬ ߘߌ߫.
ߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߗߌߙߏ߲߫ ߘߊ߫ ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߛߊ߲ߡߊ߫ ߡߊߞߊ߲ߞߊ߲ߠߌ߲ ߘߐߕߌߢߍ߫ ߟߊ߫ ߞߵߊ߬ߟߎ߫ ߟߐ߬ ߞߟߍ߬ ߟߊ߬ߟߐ ߟߊ߫ (ߥߟߊ߫ ߤߊߟߌ߬ ߖߡߊ߬ߣߊ ߟߊ߫ ߖߘߍ߬ߟߕߊ߬ߡߌ߲߫ ߘߝߊߣߍ߲ ߞߍ߫ ߟߊ߫)߸ ߒ߬ߓߊ߬ ߏ߬ ߟߋ ߞߍ߫ ߘߴߊߟߏߡߊ߲ߘߎ߯ ߟߊ߫ ߗߌߙߏ߲ߠߌ߲߫ ߞߟߊ߬ߟߡߊ߬ ߝߟߐ ߘߌ߫ ߖߊ߯ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߍ߫ ߝߌߟߊߣߊ߲ ߝߍ߬߸ ߊ߬ ߣߌ߫ ߝߐߢߐ߲߯ߞߐ ߞߎ߲߬ߠߛߊ߬ߦߟߌ߬ ߘߊߞߎ߲߫ ߞߟߊ߬ߟߊ߬ߡߊ ߘߌ߫. ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߞߵߊ߬ ߕߐ߮ ߛߐ߬ߘߐ߲߬ ߞߏߕߌ߯ ߝߟߐ߫ ߥߌ߲ߛߑߕߐ߲߫ ߗߐߗߌߟ ߖߘߍ߬ߞߊߣߌ߲ ߞߎߡߊ߫ ߞߊ߲ ߠߋ߬ ߘߐ߫ ߘ߭ߍ߬ ߤߊߎߛ ߐ߬ߝ ߞߐߡߐ߲ߛ ߞߣߐ߫ ߥߊ߬ߛߌ߬ߥߙߊ ߁߈ ߡߊ߬: ߞߏ߫ ߞߟߍ߬ߕߌ߮ ߥߋߜ߭ߊ߲ߘ ߓߘߴߊ߬ ߝߐ߫ ߞߏ߫ ߝߊ߬ߙߊ߲߬ߛߌ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߓߘߊ߫ ߞߎ߲߬ߝߊ߰߸ ߒ߬ߓߊ߬ ߒߠߋ ߦߴߊ߬ ߖߊ߬ߕߋ߬ ߟߴߏ߬ ߘߐ߫ ߛߊ߫ ߞߏ߫ ߓߙߌߕߊ߲ߓߊ߫ ߞߟߊߓߍ߲ ߠߋ߬ ߘߊߡߌ߬ߣߊ߬ ߕߐ߬ߟߊ ߦߋ߫.
- ↑ ߞߎߡߘߊ ߣߌ߲߬ ߘߟߊߡߌ߬ߘߊ߬ߣߍ߲߫ ߦߋ߫ ߊ߲߬ߜ߭ߌߟߋ ߥߞߌߔߋߘߌߦߊ ߟߋ߬ ߡߊ߬